We do not grow old as long as we strive to improve ourselves.
Analyze various theoretical models (Rational, Incremental, Satisficing, Garbage Can, etc.) that the government follows when making policy decisions.
Learn how decided policies are practically implemented in the field (Top-down vs. Bottom-up) and how their results are measured and fed back into the system.
Study the classical and modern perspectives on organizations, exploring the characteristics and limits of bureaucracy and the emergence of post-bureaucratic models.
Analyze the types of organizational design by Mintzberg and Daft to understand which structures modern administrative organizations take and which fits best in different situations.
Understand the definition and importance of managing human resources in government, and compare the characteristics of position classification and rank-in-person systems.
Study the historical transition of recruitment from the Spoils system to the Merit system and learn about modern alternatives like the Career Civil Service and Representative Bureaucracy.
Study financial administration—the management of resources that support government activities—and learn about budgeting principles and various types of budgets (General, Special, and Funds).
Learn the history of budget system reforms from Line-Item Budgeting (LIBS) to Performance-Based, Program Planning, and Zero-Based Budgeting, and understand the budget process.
Understand the control mechanisms to secure administrative accountability, the management of resistance to administrative reform, and anti-corruption measures for transparent administration.
Understand the relationship between central and local governments, the principles of local autonomy, and the structure of local finance (Local taxes, Grants).