Academy • Chapter 10 • 5 min read

Ch10. Final Review — Key Summaries to Check the Night Before the Exam

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Core Summaries for All 10 Competency Areas

1. Communication (Ch1)

Key theories:

  • Sub-competencies: reading comprehension, document writing, active listening, verbal expression, basic foreign language
  • Document types: formal memos, project proposals, reports, instructions, informational guides
  • PIE structure: Point (conclusion) → Illustration (evidence) → End (wrap-up)

Test strategy: Find your evidence directly in the passage. Be suspicious of any answer choice containing “always” or “must.”

2. Numerical Reasoning (Ch2, Ch9)

Key formulas:

Percent Change (%) = (After − Before) / Before × 100
Weighted Average = Sum of (Value × Weight) / Sum of Weights
Work Rate = 1 / Time (treating whole job as 1)
Break-Even Point = Fixed Costs / (Price − Variable Cost)

Common traps:

  • Confusing absolute change with percent change
  • Unit errors (thousands vs. millions)
  • Average speed ≠ simple arithmetic average (use harmonic mean for equal distances)

3. Problem Solving (Ch3)

Key theories:

  • Problem types: reactive, improvement, proactive
  • 5 Whys: surface problem → ask Why 5 times → root cause
  • MECE: no gaps, no overlaps
  • Brainstorming 4 rules: no criticism, free expression, quantity focus, combination welcome

Logical fallacies:

  • Personal attack, straw man, hasty generalization

4. Self-Development (Ch4)

Key theories:

  • Johari Window: Open, Blind Spot, Hidden, Unknown — 4 quadrants
  • SMART goals: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound

5. Resource Management (Ch4)

Key theories:

  • Eisenhower Matrix: Urgency × Importance → 4 quadrants
  • Time management: Pomodoro Technique, time blocking
  • Budget management: variable costs vs. fixed costs

6. Interpersonal Skills (Ch6)

Key theories:

  • Google Project Aristotle: #1 predictor of team success = Psychological Safety
  • Tuckman’s 4 stages: Forming → Storming → Norming → Performing
  • 5 conflict strategies: Competing, Collaborating, Compromising, Accommodating, Avoiding (Thomas-Kilmann)
  • Negotiation BATNA: best alternative to a negotiated agreement

4-step complaint handling: Listen → Empathize → Propose Solution → Follow Up

7. Information Literacy (Ch7)

Key theories:

  • ACUFF: Accuracy, Currency, Utility, Fullness, Format
  • Spreadsheet principles: 1 row = 1 record, 1 column = 1 attribute
  • Visualization: Comparison = bar, Trend = line, Ratio = pie, Distribution = histogram

8. Technology Competency (Ch7)

Key theories:

  • Rogers’ Technology Adoption Curve: Innovators (2.5%), Early Adopters (13.5%), Early Majority (34%), Late Majority (34%), Laggards (16%)
  • Manual reading order: Table of Contents → Key Terms → Warnings → Procedures → Outcome Criteria

9. Organizational Understanding (Ch5)

Key theories:

  • Formal vs. informal organizations
  • 4 organizational types: mechanistic, organic, network, matrix
  • Schein’s 3 cultural levels: Artifacts → Espoused Values → Basic Assumptions
  • Quinn’s 4 culture types: Clan, Adhocracy, Hierarchy, Market

10. Workplace Ethics (Ch5)

3 elements of workplace harassment: Use of positional power + conduct beyond the scope of legitimate work + physical or psychological harm 2 types of harassment: Hostile work environment + Quid pro quo (conditional)

High-Frequency Theory Keyword Checklist

  • 5 SMART goal components memorized
  • Tuckman’s 4 stages + the leader’s role at each stage
  • Thomas-Kilmann’s 5 conflict strategies and their characteristics
  • Rogers’ 5 Technology Adoption groups with percentages
  • ACUFF 5 criteria memorized
  • Ready with a 5 Whys example
  • Johari Window: 4 quadrant names and meanings
  • Eisenhower Matrix: application across all 4 quadrants
  • 3 elements of workplace harassment
  • Brainstorming’s 4 rules

Night-Before Routine

6–8 PM: Final Theory Check

  • Self-quiz on every “Study Checklist” item from each chapter
  • For anything you get wrong or blank on, re-read only the key section of that lecture

8–9 PM: Numerical Practice

  • 1–2 percent change problems
  • 1 work rate problem
  • 1 break-even calculation

After 9 PM: Rest

Studying new material the night before a test is ineffective and only heightens anxiety. The goal is to feel confident about what you already know.

Exam-Day Strategy

Opening 30 seconds: Scan the structure (sections, number of questions per section)

Sequencing your work:

  1. Simple concept checks → handle quickly
  2. Short reading passages → read answer choices first
  3. Numerical calculations → set the range with estimation before calculating
  4. Long passages and complex conditional logic → save for last

The 3-Minute Rule: Never spend more than 3 minutes on any single question. Flag it and move on.

Answer sheet: Verify question number alignment every 10 questions.

Congratulations on Completing the Series

You’ve worked through all ten core competency areas. You have the foundational theory and the real-world test strategy.

Next step: Repeated practice with released and practice test questions. Theory is the tool; test practice is the training.

Study Checklist

  • Can summarize the key theory for each of the 10 competency areas in 1–2 sentences
  • Can explain all 10 high-frequency theories
  • Can solve all 3 numerical calculation types within the time limit
  • Can apply the exam-day question-sequencing strategy
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