Computer ScienceChapter 13 min read

Ch1. PMP Exam Overview and the Project Management Framework

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What Is PMP?

PMP (Project Management Professional) is PMI’s (Project Management Institute) globally recognized certification validating the ability to lead and manage projects.

Exam details:

  • 180 questions (multiple choice, drag-and-drop, matching)
  • 230 minutes
  • Passing score: approximately 60%+ (exact threshold not published)
  • Prerequisites: 36 months (bachelor’s) or 60 months (high school) project experience + 35 hours PM education

PMBOK 7th Edition Changes

The PMBOK Guide evolved significantly from 6th to 7th edition:

6th Edition: Process-focused (5 Process Groups, 49 Processes, 10 Knowledge Areas)

7th Edition: Principles and outcomes-focused

  • 12 Project Management Principles
  • 8 Performance Domains
  • Approach-agnostic (covers predictive, agile, and hybrid)

Exam composition: The current PMP exam is approximately 50% predictive (traditional) and 50% agile/hybrid. You must understand both approaches to pass.


The 12 PM Principles (PMBOK 7th Edition)

  1. Stewardship: Act responsibly and ethically
  2. Team: Build a collaborative team environment
  3. Stakeholders: Engage and manage stakeholders
  4. Value: Focus on delivering value
  5. Systems Thinking: See the whole system
  6. Leadership: Motivate and influence
  7. Tailoring: Adapt the approach to context
  8. Quality: Meet stakeholder expectations
  9. Complexity: Navigate and respond to complexity
  10. Risk: Optimize risk responses
  11. Adaptability/Resiliency: Embrace change and recover from setbacks
  12. Change: Enable transitions to desired future states

The 8 Performance Domains

DomainCore Focus
StakeholdersEngagement, expectation management
TeamTeam development, leadership
Development Approach & Life CycleChoose predictive/agile/hybrid
PlanningSchedule, budget, resource planning
Project WorkExecution, issue management
DeliveryScope, WBS, value realization
MeasurementKPIs, performance tracking
UncertaintyRisk and opportunity management

Development Approaches

Predictive (Waterfall)

  • Clear, stable requirements with minimal changes
  • Detailed upfront planning, sequential execution
  • Examples: Construction, manufacturing, regulatory compliance

Agile

  • Unclear or frequently changing requirements
  • Iterative, incremental development in sprints
  • Examples: Software development, product development

Hybrid

  • Combines elements of predictive and agile
  • Example: Plan predictively, develop in agile sprints

Key Concept Cards

PMBOK 7th Edition Shift ★★★★★ : Process-focused → principles and outcomes. 12 principles + 8 domains. Agile fully integrated.

Predictive vs. Agile ★★★★★ : Stable requirements = predictive. Changing requirements = agile. Mixed = hybrid. Context-dependent choice.

Tailoring ★★★★☆ : Adjusting the approach and processes to fit the organization, project, and team. Central concept in PMBOK 7th Edition.


Practice Quiz

Q1. A software development project has requirements that change frequently. What development approach is most appropriate?

Agile. Through short iterations (sprints), agile can accommodate evolving requirements. Customer feedback after each sprint is incorporated into the next — making it optimal for unclear or changing requirements.

Q2. Why is “tailoring” so important in the PMP exam?

No two projects are identical. PMBOK 7th Edition emphasizes selecting appropriate methods based on context rather than applying a single approach universally. Tailoring involves combining predictive, agile, and hybrid elements based on organizational culture, project complexity, team capability, and stakeholder needs.

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